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Outline Of Topics for Exam I
- Managerial Economics
- Economics is?
- Scarce and Alternatives
- Resource Allocation Process
- Objectives of the Firm
- Wealth Maximization
- Agency Problems of Modern Corporations
- Marginalism
- Classical Optimization (Unconstrained)
- Second Order Conditions
- Constrained Optimization
- Two types of techniques
- Optimization Techniques
- Huristics
- Programming Solutions
- Economic Decisions and Uncertainty
- Risk Aversion
- Corporate Vs. Individuals
- Risk and Return
- Expected Utility
- Expected Value
- Why Insurance?
- Demand and Supply
- Theory of Demand
- Demand Schedule (in various forms)
- Total Revenue
- Where do Demand Curves Come From?
- Indifference Curves
- The Budget Constraint
- Consumer Choice
- Consumer Equilibrium
- The Effect of Price Changes
- Income and Substitution Effects
- The Demand Curve
- Shifting Demand Curves
- Other factors
- Shifts are Caused by?
- Market Demand Curve
- Elasticity
- Ways to Measure Price Elasticity
- Continuous Case
- ARC Elasticity
- Point Elasticity
- Total Revenue & Elasticity
- Elasticity and Marginal Revenue
- Market and Firm Demand Elasticity
- Income Elasticity
- Engel's Curves
- Cross Elasticity
- Other Elasticities
- Regression Analysis
- Uses for Simple Regression
- Assumptions of Regression Analysis
- Estimating the Regression Coefficients
- Regression Features of Spreadsheets
- Uses for Regression Equations
- Expectations for Model Results
- Does everything look Ok?
- Correlation Analysis
- Partitioning the Variance
- Analysis of Variance
- Calculating Correlation Values
- The T-Test
- The F-Test
- Using Spreadsheet Output
- Interpreting The Output
- Multiple Regression
- Difficulty with Regression-Data Patterns
- Autocorrelation
- Difficulty with Regression - Model Design
- Specification Problems
- Multicollinearity Problems
- Simultaneous Observations
- Non Linear Relationships
- Transforming Data
- Try a transformed plot
- Converting the Equation:
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Multiplicative
- Forms of Estimating the Demand Curve
A good use for this outline is to look at the topics and see what you can say about them. For example: Can you define the terms? Can you
describe how the concept is used? Can you think of an application? Can you find a problem in the appropriate chapter and solve it without help? Can you come up with a good question relating to the topic? Can you
explain the idea and its use to someone else?
In studying for the exam try to avoid memorization. If your memory is like mine you will forget just at the time you need it most--during
an exam. Instead try to understand the process, rather than trying to remember the result. For example one of the concepts you are responsible for is elasticity. You could choose to memorize all of the possible
elasticity forms and types of elasticity. A much better way would be to remember the concept of elasticity, simply a percentage change in one variable verses a percentage change in another variable. You can write
that out in words, convert the words to symbols and then you can then convert that idea into various ways to define and manipulate a ratio of percentages as you need it.
Thus if the question concerns Income elasticity (or any elasticity) you know that this is (written as a formula): (%Change in
Quantity)/(%Change in Income) =( %Q)/(%Y )= (Q/Q)/(Y/Y). You realize that perhaps the best way to calculate percentages is over the average numbers thus you use: (Average %Q)/(Average%Y). You might choose to convert
to a very small percentage change by using the form: (Q/Q)/(Y/Y) and changing to: (Q/Y)(Q/Y) and then change the 's to very small amounts which would result in the derivative form: (dQ/dY)(Q/Y). If you try to
remember only this final formula and you forget--you're stuck. In other words, if you are going to add, learn the process of adding rather than trying to remember the answer to all possible addition problems.
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